Thursday, September 3, 2020

Connotative Power Essay Example for Free

Indicative Power Essay Self-Checked Activities Peruse the directions for the accompanying exercises and type in your reactions. Snap the connection to the Student Answer Sheet toward the finish of the exercise. Utilize the appropriate responses or test reactions to assess your own work. 1. Recognizing Connotations a. Choose whether the striking word in each sentence is utilizing a denotative or demonstrative significance: †¢ Wendy hit the tennis ball. †¢ Phil purchased a modest vehicle at the trade-in vehicle parcel. †¢ They frequently serve a ton of bizarre nourishments at that eatery. †¢ I told my more youthful sibling that he shouldn’t be such a child. †¢ Kevin concentrated the greater part of the night for the SAT. Type your reaction here: | |Denotative or Connotative? | |hit |Connotative | |cheap |Denotative | |strange |Connotative | |baby |Denotative | |studied |Connotative | b. Rundown the words from the past action that are denotative in importance. For each word recorded, rework the sentence that utilizes the word, supplanting the denotative word with an obvious word (or expression). The obvious significance can be sure or negative. Type your reaction here: How could you do? Check a crate beneath. Nailed It!â€I incorporated the entirety of indistinguishable thoughts from the model reaction on the Student Answer Sheet. Midway Thereâ€I remembered the vast majority of the thoughts for the model reaction on the Student Answer Sheet. Not Greatâ€I did exclude any of the thoughts in the model reaction on the Student Answer Sheet. 2. Types of Connotations a. For each sentence recorded underneath, state whether the sentence has a negative, positive, or nonpartisan meaning and afterward change the sentence so it has an alternate implication. Type your reaction here: |Original sentence |Connotation |Revised Sentence | |They ate sweets at Alison’s party. |Negative |They ate treats at Alison’s party. | |We watched the falcon fly over the mountains |Neutral |We watched the bird fly over the mountains toward the west. | |to the west. | |Dan and Marsha have acknowledged twelve cultivate |Positive |Dan and Marsha have okayedâ twelve encourage kids into their | |children into their home. | |house. | |Tom is reading for a vocation in the clinical |Neutral |Tom is contemplating for an occupation in the clinical calling. | |profession. | b. In 1999, Elie Wiesel gave a discourse called â€Å"The Perils of Indifference† in Washington, DC, to address his encounters as a detainee in the Auschwitz death camp and his interests about society’s apathy to the enduring that proceeds into the twenty-first century. Peruse the discourse and discover six instances of text (word or expression) with an obvious significance. Compose these models in the table, note whether the content has a negative or a positive meaning, and express the impact Wiesel was attempting to accomplish by utilizing it. Type your reaction here: |Text from Speech |Connotation |Effect Wiesel Was Trying to Achieve | |Commander in Chief of the military that liberated me |Positive |Show his regard to President Bill Clinton. | |and a huge number of others. | |â€Å"people who are impassive have aimless |Negative |People who don’t care, lives have no value. | |lives† | |â€Å"In a way, to be apathetic regarding that suffering|Negative |People couldn't have cared less about what they endured , so that | |is what makes the individual inhuman.† | |makes an individual merciless. | |Humanity |Positive |Having every human right. | |Indifferent |Negative |Not mindful. | |Gratitude |Positive |Being grateful. | How could you do? Check a container beneath. Nailed It!â€I incorporated the entirety of indistinguishable thoughts from the model reaction on the Student Answer Sheet. Midway Thereâ€I remembered the greater part of the thoughts for the model reaction on the Student Answer Sheet. Not Greatâ€I did exclude any of the thoughts in the model reaction on the Student Answer Sheet. 3. Clarifying Connotations a. Clarify a few instances of undertone in Langston Hughes’s sonnet â€Å"Will V-Day Be Me-Day Too?† Type your reaction here: There was certain undertone, where he discussed battling for the United States. There was adverse meaning, where he was looking at watching individuals kick the bucket. There was nonpartisan implication, where he was looking at winning the world and them having theie own â€Å"V-Day.† b. How does Hughes utilize indicative language to contrast the predicament of African Americans with that of the Jews during World War II? Type your reaction here: How could you do? Check a case beneath. Nailed It!â€I incorporated the entirety of indistinguishable thoughts from the model reaction on the Student Answer Sheet. Midway Thereâ€I remembered the greater part of the thoughts for the model reaction on the Student Answer Sheet. Not Greatâ€I did exclude any of the thoughts in the model reaction on the Student Answer Sheet. Educator Graded Activities Compose a reaction for every one of the accompanying exercises. Check the Evaluation area toward the finish of this record to ensure you have met the normal measures for the task. At the point when you have completed, present your work to your educator. 1. Indication and Connotation in Literary Works a. Record the titles and creators of three works you will look at for utilization of demonstrative and denotative language. Pick the three works from among the books, short stories, sonnets, discourses, papers, and plays you read in class this year. Type your reaction here: b. Peruse or survey every content, searching for instances of denotative and suggestive language. In the diagram, compose two instances of denotative language and two instances of obvious language for every one of the three works you chose. At that point, for the instances of demonstrative language, depict the impact, or passionate reaction, the creator was attempting to accomplish by this utilization of language. Type your reaction here: |Literary Work |Denotative Language |Connotative Language (with page #) and Effect Achieved | |(Title/Author/Genre) |(with page #) | |Out-Out by Robert Frost | |Desert Places by Robert Frost |BENIGHTED; |NIGHT; A negative undertone; Darkness or visionless | |SNOW; Also a negative implication; Cold | |The Snow Man by Wallace Stevens | |CRUSTED; | |GLITTER; | Assessment Your instructor will utilize this rubric to assess the culmination of your work just as the lucidity of reasoning you show. | |Concepts | |Distingui|The understudy has distinguished three writing titles and their writers. | |shed |The understudy has precisely distinguished two instances of denotative language and two instances of indicative language for each work of | |(4 |literature. | |points) |For every model, the understudy has precisely portrayed the impact or enthusiastic reaction accomplished by the creator. | |Proficien|The understudy has distinguished three writing titles and their writers. | |t (3 |The understudy has satisfactorily recognized two instances of denotative language and two instances of suggestive language for each work of | |points) |literature. | |For every model, the understudy has enough depicted the impact or enthusiastic reaction accomplished by the creator. | |Developin|The understudy has distinguished three or less writing titles and their writers. | |g (2 |The understudy has attempted to distinguish a few instances of denotative and indicative language for crafted by writing. | |points) |For a few models, the understudy has attempted to portray the impact or enthusiastic reaction accomplished by the creator. | |Beginning|The understudy has not distinguished three writing titles and their writers. | |(1 point)|The understudy has not recognized instances of denotative and demonstrative language for each work of writing. | |For a few models, the understudy has neglected to portray the impact or passionate reaction accomplished by the creator. |

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Nature Free Essays

People have since quite a while ago viewed themselves as the highest point of the evolved way of life and attempted to form nature to their impulses, yet as of late, nature has endeavored and demonstrated over and again that Mother Nature can even now vanquish man.â The pitiful truth is that man had started to accept that he could enslave nature to his impulses. Wild creatures were tamed and sent to zoos, the breeze was saddled to control the human urban communities and woods were transformed into cities. We will compose a custom exposition test on Nature or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now At that point, in 2005, really starting in December, 2004, nature assaulted with a rage to ensure that humanity knew precisely who was in control. The wave in Southeast Asia was the admonition shot over the bow. The compelling force of nature caught up with the most pulverizing Atlantic tempest season ever. When Katrina crushed the Gulf Coast, named storms had undermined the southern United States right around multiple times and when Rita tore through Houston only weeks after the fact, the nation and the greater part of humanity remained in dread of nature’s retribution. Out of nowhere, we knew indeed who was in control. Actually, I have likewise felt progressively associated with nature then I accept a great many people do. I long to watch the squirrels and winged animals play in m lawn and smell the night jasmine when it blossoms in the summer.â There is in no way like viewing the main crocus of the spring top through the day off the lilacs envoy the appearance of the warm climate. My yard wakes up in the spring and Mother Nature advises me that I am reliant on her magnificence and amicableness to take care of me and dress me. Like the vast majority I might want to accept that we have transcended the test of living in a cavern and going about as tracker/gatherers. Be that as it may, the fact of the matter is for all our control of glass and steel, we are as yet liable to nature’s impulses. A Kansas town can be cleared off the guide by the furious night winds. A city of a million people can be demolished and washed into the Gulf. With no notice, rising waters can pour through a Dallas suburb and take youngsters away to their demises. Nature assumes a significant job in our lives and the more we attempt to imagine it doesn’t, the more that nature sneaks up and whacks us with a reminder to regard her. Over a century back, Chief Joseph declared that what we do the monsters of the earth, we soon to do ourselves. Shockingly, a large portion of society presently can't seem to gain proficiency with the exercise and comprehend that we can't control the powers of nature. Rather, they broadcast that we are in charge of the planet and that we impact what the atmosphere is doing. It appears to be silly to accept that we can control the atmosphere when we can't shield ourselves from tropical storms and tornadoes. We can negatively affect our general surroundings and do need to begin dealing with nature as opposed to battling against it, yet we have to start by putting aside our pomposity and reestablishing ourselves to our characteristic job as defender of the Earth.  The most effective method to refer to Nature, Essay models

Friday, August 21, 2020

Fashion Blogs for College Students

Design Blogs for College Students School is an uncommon time for young ladies (and men) when they’ve flown the coop and are all alone just because. Being in an alternate city encompassed by individuals from everywhere throughout the nation, it’s one of the most persuasive occasions for style changes throughout your life. Obviously you need to establish a connection with your companions and say something about who you are as you enter this new world. These web journals can give you the motivation you’re looking to investigate new patterns and discover your style specialty. What's more, obviously, how to do the entirety of that on a student’s budget†¦ School Fashion For the design cognizant undergrad who needs to stay aware of the most recent patterns in grounds style, this blog will tell you the best way to pull off some pom shorts for both day and night wear, how to make a plaid skirt cool and feed your design motivation with mainstream society pictures from Game of Thrones to Jean-Michel Basquiat. collegefashion.net A Beautiful Mess This is the ideal blog for the craftsy, DIY understudy. For the individuals who need to make their apartment the spot they rest, however their home away from home, you’ll discover bunches of tips on spending home dã ©cor, for example, a home-made tassle floor covering or inside decoration utilizing just a bundle of yarn. In their style area a large group of DIY design tips to separate you from your colleagues. You’ll be the jealousy of grounds with your home-made quill square dress. Missing your pet pooch or feline from home? Figure out how to make a couple of customized night wear with their picture on them. abeautifulmess.com Kendi Everyday Need to realize how to wear this season’s most blazing hues? What about what to wear on your first date with another lover? Also, how to get serious about denim with a shirt and pants. Fashionista Kendi presents to you her very own shopping and design tips for you to eat up voluntarily. Devour it! kendieveryday.com Love, Lenore Another individual blog for the youthful and elegant, this blog tells you the best way to get the best styles from shops like Anthropologie, Forever 21, HM and Nordstroms. She offers tips for each sort of style circumstance including weddings, travel and occasion. Her curated list of things to get will make them set something aside for your next shopping experience. lovelenore.com Millennielle This blog by style master Coco takes into account the flavors of understudies and millenials. What to wear to performances, how to get the best looks on a student’s spending plan and the brands with the most suffering style status. You can address her with your design crises and read her tips on the best way to capitalize on present day life. millennielle.com The Houndstooth Straight out of DC, this blog is committed to flaunting the Capital’s road style. One of only a handful barely any design destinations for the two young men and young ladies, you’ll get your motivation from genuine individuals who stop people in their tracks in the city of Washington. thehoundstoothblog.com Fundamental Proper This is nearly the style blog likeness the show Mad Men, with photographs and articles that advance the high existence of fruitful people. You’ll figure out how to hobnob with high society at polo matches and how to blend the ideal mixed drink, all while looking your closest to perfect close to your lover in khakis (or a plaid) and you in your grandmother’s pearls. important and-proper.com I Spy DIY On the off chance that you live to make your own look with DIY ventures, this is the blog for you. Loads of motivation on the most proficient method to customize your denim coat to how to make the ideal spring dress, to how to make adaptable hoops for any outfit. Get motivation for looks you can’t purchase in a store. ispydiy.com The Budget Babe As guaranteed by the blog title, this webpage will tell you the best way to discover the look you need without dropping the money you don’t have. You’ll figure out how to discover rebate adaptations of large name patterns, where to shop and how to put together a total search for less. thebudgetbabe.com Regardless of whether your style motivation originates from the Hamptons or the avenues of DC, whether you like brand names or like to DIY, this rundown of web journals has it for today’s understudy. Upbeat shopping!

Tuesday, June 9, 2020

Going Midlevel Midlife Michelles Story of Becoming a Physician Assistant in her 40s

After 16 years of teaching high school wellness, Michelle Roush felt ready for a greater challenge to leverage her interest in health. After much planning and preparation, she is now studying to become a physician assistant, and loving the journey. Tell us a little about your background I am a married, 41-year-old mother of two boys, ages six and eight. I received my BA in health and physical education in 1996 from Ohio Northern University (Ada, Ohio) and taught in the greater Cincinnati area for four years before moving to Chicago. I finished my Masters in Education in 2002 and taught at New Trier High School in Winnetka, IL for 12 years. I taught in the Kinetic Wellness department, which, in most schools, is better known as health and physical education. My primary teaching assignment was health education (sex education and personal fitness) but I also taught team sports and womens health and fitness. In addition, I was very active in departmental activities: I was the sophomore health course coordinator, sat on the hiring committee and the policies and procedures committee, and more. My boys! They were two and five when I started tackling my PA school prerequisites and are five and eight now When did you start to think about making a career change and becoming a physician assistant? PA School Age-RelatedStatistics First-Year Class: Age M SD Mdn n(P) Age of first-year PA student 26.1 2.51 26.0 170 Age of youngest first-year PA student 21.4 1.23 21.0 168 Age of oldest first-year PA student 44.1 7.57 44.0 168 When each of my sons was born, I took a leave of absence from my job to spend time with them in their infancy months. With my second child, I did not feel that magical pull to return to work. Teaching had started to feel like Groundhog Day, every day; I could do pretty much anything and everything on autopilot. While this made work very easy, it also made it exceptionally boring. Compounding this issue, I often felt like a second-class citizen at my high school because I did not teach what they considered a solid class, like English or math. I am very curious about health, wellness, and disease, and if I couldnt use my skills and talents in the classroom, I felt I should find other avenues where I could make a difference. It doesnt help that I dont have a lot of confidence in our state and federal government when it comes to public educationbe it classroom funding, standardized assessments, or funding pensions. It was clearly time for me to leave teaching. What is yournext act? I am a member of the 2017 Rush University Physician Assistant Studies cohort. Upon completion of the program and after passing the licensing exam, I will be certified as a Physician Assistant (PA) and will be able to practice medicine as a member of a collaborative team of healthcare providers. I will become a PA-C, which stands for Physician Assistant Certified. In every state, in order to practice as a PA, one must take and pass the PANCE (Physician Assistant National Certifying Exam) for initial certification and also take and pass the PANRE (Physician Assistant National Recertifying Exam) every 10 years. Additionally, in order to maintain their license, a PA must accumulate a specified number of continuing education hours each year, as defined by their state licensing board. Rushs program is 30 months to complete as it has the unique 6-month advanced practice rotation. Participating in a program structured like this, the graduate is prepared with both strong generalist skills and proficiency in an area of advanced practice. Most other PA programs are 24-27 months (Northwestern is 24, Midwestern is 27, Rosalind Franklin is 24 months). Despite having very intense academic demands, I can honestly say that I am so happy I made this decision. I love studying medicine and science, learning how disease processes work, using critical thinking and reasoning to arrive at potential diagnoses, and beginning to formulate treatment plans. On the downside, there are days where all I feel I do is study, go to class, eat, study, then pass out from exhaustion but I realize that this stage is temporary and so worth it! The volume of information and the speed at which it is disseminated is completely unreal; for example, our dermatology unit lasted one week where we spent five days in the classroom, had six Powerpoint sessions with over 650 slides, then had our exam. And, keep in mind that was only for one course! The volume and pacing are just brutal and, at times, I think to myself how on earth am I going to remember all this? but then I do review sessions for my certifying exam (two years down the road) and surprise myself with how much I actually know! Study Carrel at Rush University There has been a huge growth in demand for PAs and in applications to PA schools. Why is that? Implementing team-based, collaborative care coupled with the influx of more patients to the health care system (likely due to the Affordable Care Act) has emphasized the need for flexibility in care delivery to best meet the needs of patients. PAs are utilized in many areas of healthcare: seeing patients in clinic for routine or acute needs, rounding on patients in hospitals, assisting in surgery, performing various procedures, and providing patient education often autonomously, but with collaboration from their partner physician. Becoming a physician assistant, versus an MD, requires fewer years of study while still allowing you to assume a lot of responsibility in the field of medicine and rewarding you with an attractive salary. In addition, job opportunities are plentiful. According to a recent Forbes article, physician assistant studies is ranked the number one best masters degree for finding a job. Here is a link to theUS Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statisticsregarding PA salaries, requirements, outlook, etc. While I cant speak for other institutions, the program director at Rush did tell us she typically receives six job inquiries from potential employers per student. Currently, 100% of Rush graduates are employed within six months of graduation. Many secure jobs even before they graduate. With PA Students, in the ER department at Rush Why did you choose to become a physician assistant?What other options did you consider? I knew I wanted to do something in medicine, so I initially considered medical school to become a physician. After doing some research and talking to MDs and PAs, it became quite clear to me that the role of a PA was best suited for me. Knowing I would want to start school when I was 41, had I gone the MD route, I would not have begun practicing medicine until I was 50 and then I would have spent the next decade (or more!) paying off medical school debt. Also, having had the opportunity to gain work experience and learn about the roles various individuals play in team settings, I am very comfortable with assuming a great deal of autonomy within the medical setting but am also comfortable serving as an adjunct in various settings. Knowing that admission to PA school would be extremely competitive, I had to consider backup options. In the event I did not get into PA school, I also applied (and was accepted) to the Generalist Entry Masters (GEM) program at Rush University, which would have awarded me a Masters of Science in Nursing (MSN) and allowed me to sit for the registered nurse (RN) licensure test. I could then choose to complete further studies to become a nurse practitioner (NP), an RN with advanced training in diagnosing and treating illness. For me, there were three main drawbacks to this backup route. First, the didactic and clinical preparation for PAs and RNs is pretty different: PA school follows a medical model and approaches medicine as an organ-disease system, whereas RNs are trained under a nursing model and approach medicine as more of a lifespan issue. For the most part it means that PAs are trained like doctors and use basic sciences as a foundation for their diagnostic reasoning in the care of patients: They determine the workup, analyze how the patient presents (signs/symptoms), order and interpret various tests (labs, imaging, etc), create a differential diagnosis list (possible underlying causes for the chief complaint), then formulate a treatment plan. I mean no disrespect when I say this next part, but nurses are trained to care for the patients they receive while in the hospital. A patient is admitted to their unit and assigned to them. The nurse follows the orders as prescribed by the MD/PA/NP and take s care of the patient on a moment-to-moment basis. Second, after completing the MSN program and becoming an RN, I would have to spend a bit of time as a floor/shift nurse before I could work toward becoming an NP. I was not so keen on this work. As a floor nurse, you work three shifts a week for 12 hours at a time and every other weekend. While the responsibility is great, the opportunity to actually make decisions regarding the care of the patient is pretty low. As a physician or a PA, you look at the data given and use your physical/mental assessments to make decisions about the workup and treatment plan. The nurse follows your orders/plans. If something should change in the patients status, you have to call the provider and await his or her decision to modify care plans, and sometimes theyre not so nice about thisespecially when youre calling them at 3 am! When I became a Certified Nursing Assistant to get the required patient experience, I learned that while the majority of the providers who saw patients on our unit were tremendo usly kind, there were some that were just rude and condescending. The job of floor/shift nurse can be exceptionally grueling, both physically and mentally. I think nurses must possess a very special skill set of caring and compassion, above and beyond what is typically provided by the MD/PA. Nurses are absolutely brilliant caregivers and the best ones have a knack for knowing what to say, how to say it, and when to say it. I know, this sounds really intangible if you will. From my experience as a nursing assistant, I saw so many wonderful nurses be able to provide such wonderful care to patients and their families in this manner. I also realize that they do it so much better than I could ever do it! All in all, in order to work in the capacity that I wanted to, PA school would ultimately be less expensive and take less time, not to mention give me the intensity and focus I was seeking. Studying in our driveway, while watching our boys How hard was it to take the plunge? How did you prepare? By nature, I am a planner. I need to understand processes, chart a course to arrive at my destination, and do lots of preparation to stave off disaster or failure. Once I made the decision to go for it, I began researching, first figuring out which schools in the Chicago area offered PA studies and then learning what I would need to do to present a competitive application. I had to retake some courses (anatomy and physiology, psychology) and take several for the first time (general chemistry, organic chemistry, biochemistry, microbiology, probability, and statistics). I completed these atCity Colleges of ChicagoandCollege of DuPage. Since I hadnt touched most of these subjects in 20 years, I didnt mind having to do all this work. Furthermore, my undergraduate GPA was a 3.0 so these additional undergraduate hours (with straight As) would significantly strengthen the academic portion of my resume for my application. Because I had to fit these prerequisites into my schedule, which also included working full-time and being a wife and mom, I took these courses part-time. It took me from spring 2012 through fall 2014 to complete all these class requirements. As part of the PA application, I also had to gain direct patient contact experience. While there are many ways to do this, I chose to become a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) and work at a hospital. Knowing that I decided to leave teaching in the spring of 2013 so I could acquire as many hours as possible since most schools really like to see 1,000 hours on the resume. Shadowing physicians or PAs was another required activity for the application. I was able to shadow in internal medicine, infectious diseases, obstetrics and gynecology, and interventional radiology. It was easy to find MDs to shadow but PAs were virtually impossible, as most of the PAs with whom I am acquainted work for medical groups that do not allow shadowing. Ideally, one of the MDs/PAs you shadow should write one of your letters of recommendation. In any event, the experience should shed light on the role that the PA plays in the healthcare team. Finally, I had to take the GRE, a graduate admissions test, which is basically a math and English test. I had to prepare intensively for the GRE because it had been decades (literally!) since I had done many of the math problems I would be required to solve. I spent 6-8 weeks with a Princeton Review manual to ready myself. Medical volunteers at Chicagos Rock N Roll Half Marathon What was it like to go back to school to complete your PA school prerequisites? Rarely did I have same-age peers in my classes. I think my background in teaching was exceptionally helpful in forming connections with my classmates. I was often the one organizing study groups outside of class. Also, since many of my peers were taking these classes for the first time, I was able to help them begin to develop good study habits such as creating/using mnemonics and making effective flashcards. I have kept in touch with several of my lab partners and study buddies from my courses. The other students and my professors were very welcoming. Again, after being on the other side of the lectern, I understand the importance of building good (yet genuine) relationships with my professors. Im still in contact with two of my instructors, and one even wrote my letter of recommendation. With other Second Years When did you possibly find time to become a certified nursing assistant too? Are there other ways to get the patient experience thats required to apply to PA school? I took an 8-week course in spring 2013 while I was still teaching AND taking anatomy and physiology 2 as well as organic chemistry. Im not going to lieit was BRUTAL. Fortunately, the CNA course wasnt difficult at all; it was just time I had to spend to get it done and take the state certifying exam. Basically, you pay your $960 fee, buy your blood pressure cuff and stethoscope, pay for your background check, and state exam fee, and youre done. It was super easy. Some people come to PA school from another health field, such as being a registered dietitian, physical therapist, pharmacist. In those cases, the individual has earned at least a BS and has had acceptable patient contact. Most people, however, take the entry level route and pursue employment as an EMT or paramedic, phlebotomist, scribe, transporter, physical or occupational therapy aide, pharmacy tech, x-ray tech, etc. Each individual school has their own idea as to what they deem acceptable; it is certainly not uniform across the board. Practicing casting and splinting (my leg is NOT broken) Tell us more about the application process Currently, there are 217 programs that offer academic training to become a PA. I applied to four schools (Rush, Northwestern, Midwestern, and Rosalind Franklin). This is a small number when compared to other students in pursuit of the same degree; because of the competition for admissions, many students apply to 10-20 programs. For example, Rush received 1,200 applications, invited 200 to interview, and offered admissions to 30 (in other words, a 2.5% admit rate). Midwestern, based on what I heard at open houses, receives about 3,000 applications for 86 spots. All applications must besent through CASPA. Its pretty easy demographic information, enter ALL your coursework (so your overall and science GPA can be calculated), enter your direct patient contact hours, your shadowing experiences, GRE scores, former work experience, etc. The application fee was about $290. You must include at least two recommendations but no more than three. Most programs want one from an instructor who can speak to your academic abilities and one from a PA/MD. I got my first recommendation from the infectious diseases physician I shadowed. My second one came from my Anatomy and Physiology instructor who had previously worked in ultrasound/radiology and used to be the director of the radiology tech certification program at her school. My third one came from my manager at the hospital where I worked as a nursing assistant. The CASPA has one general essay: Why do you want to be a physician assistant? I hated it because it was so general and so totally open-ended. I also knew that initially, it would get about 2 minutes of eye-time, so I had to make sure my essay grabbed the reader immediately. Some schools require supplemental questions, like Rush and Northwestern. Basically, for Rush, it was asking, Are you really serious about our school? Whiteboard wall in study lounge at Rush, preparing for an anatomy exam You were called in for an interview at Rush. What was that like? The interview went from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. The initial session was informational, with the program director. The 20 of us who had been called in were split into four groups, where our activities rotated. My group started with a tour of the facilities, hosted by a first-year student. Next, we had a paperwork session where we had to submit a photo, unofficial transcripts of any outstanding coursework, and fill out a sheet indicating any change in our direct patient contact hours and shadowing since our application submission. Following that was a 30-minute one-on-one interview. After the interview, we all reassembled for a QA session with students in the first, second, and third years. Next up was a 60-minute time slot allotted for a 70-question medical terminology exam. Finally, we had a 60-minute time slot to type responses to two essay questions that we had received upon our arrival. Observing orthopedic surgery What kinds of things did they seem to be evaluating? It seemed to be a little bit of everything. Even though the formal interview was only 30 minutes, Im not nave to think that the other parts of the day didnt matter. Here is my take on what they were looking for during each part of our visit: Arrival and opening session: How comfortable are you socializing with strangers who are all in the same boat as you? Do you seem like the type who might be a good fit for cohort work? Three-on-one interview: I interviewed with the director of clinical education, a third-year PA student who was currently in her advanced practice rotation, and a second-year PA student who was doing her clinical rotations. All three of them had laptops and took turns asking questions, then immediately started typing once I began to speak. Medical terminology test: I purposely took a medical terminology class so I could ace this. Luckily, I passed it. If you do not pass it but matriculate at Rush, you have to retake it. Essay: We had two essays and were given the prompts at the beginning of the day. They were both scenarios one might come across, one while in PA school, another once a practicing PA. During the breaks in the day, I started brainstorming and putting together my ideas. I believe they are evaluating ones ability to think critically about a complex problem and convey a thoughtful, coherent solution in a concise manner (considering we only had 60 minutes to write both essays). After our white coat ceremony Can you tell us more about the three-on-one interview? What kinds of questions did they ask? Here are the questions anyone interviewing with a PA school should expect: Why do you want to be a PA? What do you think a PA does? Why do you want to study here? How have you prepared to deal with the rigors of this program (academically, emotionally, and do you have a support system in place)? What unique experiences have you had that you can apply to being a PA? The requisite ethical question (mine was: you believe your attending/supervising physician is under the influence of alcohol, what do you do?) Why should we pick you? I was not terribly stressed out about this interview. In my role as a high school teacher, I was on the hiring committee so I spent a good four years on the other side of the interviewing table. I remember what I liked (and didnt like) to hear and see and could tailor my approach to better read the needs of my interviewers and give them what they wanted. For example, Id look at their body language: Are they looking away/yawning as if bored or disinterested or are they leaning forward in their chairs, nodding along with me? I also made a playlist for my iPod and listened to music on the drive to Rush that morning; it really set the mood for me and got me pumped up. I also spent a great deal of time preparing for the interview by reading through the college catalog. I knew that I could drop keywords that demonstrated my knowledge of the schools mission, tell stories that illustrated my skills using their language, and show enthusiasm. I wanted to be a good match for the school, so I made sure to speak to their mission, values, and vision, all of which were clearly defined over and over throughout the catalog. I wanted to leave no doubt that I a) knew what a PA was, b) knew that I wanted to be a PA, c) knew that I wanted to matriculate at Rush, and d) knew that I would be both a great student and alumni. Our white Coat Group How supportive were your family and friends? I would never be able to do this without the unconditional support of my husband. He is my biggest cheerleader in this endeavor. When I was still teaching full-time AND taking my prerequisites prior to application, he assumed the bulk of the family responsibilitiessometimes four months would go by and I wouldnt have done a single load of laundry. As a result, I was able to focus on my job and my studies without having to stress about the house or the family. My boys were two and five when I started tackling my PA school prerequisites and are five and eight now, as Im starting PA school. This is normal for them. What I like the most is that I get to model hard work, focus, and perseverance in an academic pursuit; I hope they adopt my work ethic and drive. Although I was fortunate to have done well, this was NOT easy, and Im proud of what I accomplished. I hope they can see that hard work can take you very far in life. My friends have been very supportive of my desire for change and, Ill be honest, it is exhilarating to share with my former colleagues that I indeed DID achieve my goal of getting into PA school! With my Husband What challenges did you encounter? I tend to be a bit of a perfectionist and was unwilling to accept anything but an outstanding academic resume to present for admissions, so I probably put myself under a greater amount of stress than was necessary. In fact, now that I am in the didactic year of my program, I am finding that I am LESS stressed than when I was taking my prerequisites! Another challenge was planning for a decrease in our family income. Rushs program costs approximately $100,000. All the programs in the Chicago area are private institutions, so costs would be similar but lower due to the fact that they are shorter in duration. I have taken out student loans to cover the cost of tuition.While they may seem daunting, I am in the fortunate position of having a spouse who works full-time (which means I dont have to take out loans for housing or living expenses, etc.).This has meant that we had to modify how we live and how we spend, but the impact hasnt been too great.It makes me feel a little better about paying them back, knowing that weve been able to keep the family afloat while Ive had no income. Studying at the Pool Were there times when you thought about giving up? Ill share a funny story here. Typically most PA schools have wrapped up their interview and offer process around the beginning of the year. On January 5, 2015, when I hadnt heard from the PA schools where Id applied, I decided that I would contact the GEM nursing coordinator and let them know Id like to matriculate in the fall. I felt as if I had gone through the Kubler-Ross five stages of grief and decided I needed to begin moving forward with Plan B, nursing. I accepted that I could be happy with this decision knowing that I had done everything to try to pursue PA school. The very next day, I was invited to interview at Rush for a spot on the waitlist. Of course, I jumped at itwhat did I have to lose? I interviewed on February 6, learned I was on the waitlist on February 17, and got the call from the director on February 19 with the invitation to join their program. Celebrating the end of a quarter with friends at Cooper's Hawk What did you learn about yourself through this process? Spending 16 years teaching has made me a better student than I ever could have imagined. I understand learning and how to learn, and its been a huge help. Ive also learned just how supportive my husband is. He is a great partner, father, and my biggest cheerleader. What words of advice do you have for women seeking reinvention in midlife? It can be very scary and risky, so be sure to have backup or contingency plans. That being said, dont let your fear of the unknown stop you from pursuing something when you know it is the right decision. Before making the leap, grab lunch or coffee with people in the profession to learn as much as you can. Dont be shy asking them about the grades, experiences, and finances involved. Put together a reasonable plan to accomplish your goalsmany of you might have a family that also needs you. Build a solid support network around you that includes people who are enthusiastic about your choices. What words of advice do you have for those interested in pursuing your path? Get good grades, pursue interesting and appropriate clinical experiences to earn the hours needed for the application, start networking with physicians and PAs who will let you shadow and perhaps eventually write your recommendations. Get into a hospital and make sure you see some of the most disturbing things: newly amputated limbs, trauma sites, infected wounds, gushing blood these are all things that will be commonplace in your future career so get used to them now. Im at the point where NOTHING surprises me anymore! Find the right PA program for you. Currently, there are 217 programs that offer academic training to become a PA. A list can befound here. Clearly, some programs are stronger than others. Interested students should look for ones that offer a masters level of education. Also, the PANCE (Physician Assistant National Certifying Exam) first-time pass rate should be strongly considered as it sheds light on the rigor of the program. Be absolutely certain to attend any open houses provided by the schools you wish to attend. Take your spouse or partner with you so they, too, know what you may be getting into. My final project for my mental health rotation What resources do you recommend? PA Education Association CAPSAor Central Application Service for Pas: This is where prospective students apply plus it has a wealth of other information Follow theAmerican Academy of Physician Assistants. The Ultimate Guide to Getting Into Physician Assistant Schoolby Andrew Rodican. I bought it and read it cover to cover numerous times. Whats next for you? Right now Im focused on surviving my didactic (academic/classroom) year of PA school, which means being in class from 8 am to 5 pm on a daily basis for the next year. Once I get through the program and settled into a career, I think my next act will be retirement (in about 25-30 years!) Questions? You may contact Michelle Roush directly atmrsmichelleroush@yahoo.com View all posts in this seriesMarried with Children in PA School: How This Mom Makes it WorkHow to Survive PA School as a Dad: Advice from a PA School ParentGoing Midlevel Midlife: Michelles Story of Becoming a Physician Assistant in her 40sLife as a Single Mom in Physician Assistant (PA) School You may also like -5 Things Ive Learned Going Into My Fourth Physician Assistant Application CycleI will be honest; this is not an article I ever thought Id be writing. I submitted my first physician assistant application after finishing my undergrad in 2014, and here I am three years later preparing to submit my fourth PA []Married with Children in PA School: How This Mom Makes it WorkThe Life of a PA School Mother My name is Anna, and I am a mother of two boys, two and six years old. I am also a PA student. For me, it was a long and arduous journey to get into PA school. I applied three consecutive years before []Made by PA: The Applicants Manual of Physician Assistant ProgramsThe 2018 Applicant's Manual of Physician Assistant Programs The Applicant's Manual of Physician Assistant Programs written by Mark Volpe, MPH, MMSc, PA-C andBrittany Hogan PA-S,provides prospective PA program applicants with detailed []

Sunday, May 17, 2020

Optimal Active And Reactive Power Control Essay - 1529 Words

Optimal Active and Reactive Power Control of Wind Turbine Driven DFIG using TLBO Algorithm and Artificial Neural Networks Mahmoud M. ElKholy H. M. B. Metwally Garib M. regal M. Ali Sadek Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Zagazig University, Zagazig, EGYPT Email: melkoly71@yahoo.com Email: elemohsadek@yahoo.com Abstract—This paper investigates the optimal active and reactive power control capabilities for typical wind turbine (WT) driven doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). The main objective is to determine the optimal rotor voltage to extract certain active and reactive power from the DFIG over wide ranges of wind speed. Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm is a new heuristic optimization technique, used to obtain the optimum rotor voltages to achieve reference active and reactive powers overall operating points. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) controller is used as an adaptive controller to predict the value of rotor voltage for all operating points. The ideal power curve of a 2 MW wind turbine has been estimated to design the active power controller. The stator reactiv e power control capability with the range of  ±1.6 MVAR is developed. With the proposed control strategy, the DFIG-based wind farm provides Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), fully active and reactive powers control. For all operated wind speeds, the adaptive proposed controller develops useful networkShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Wind Power1456 Words   |  6 Pages Extending wind power and uncertain nature of loads in power systems causes difficulties in system provision due to the probabilistic trait of them. In order to plan accurately, it is important to evaluate uncertainties in optimization planning of the power system. As regards to this point, this paper presents a probabilistic multi-objective optimal power flow (MO-OPF) considering the uncertainties in wind speed and the load. This paper uses a point estimate method (PEM) which uses points for estimationRead MoreReactive Power Compensation Strategy For1445 Words   |  6 PagesREACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION STRATEGY FO R CASCADED PHOTO VOLTAIC SYSTEM Abstract – Large scale cascaded photovoltaic systems is contributing renewable energy world wide due to its unique features like reliability, power quality ,amount of energy harvested and so on. However cascaded PV system is facing one of the tough challenges like reactive power control due to varied power distribution over different PV modules. This paper addresses the issue of effects due to reactive power on system reliabilityRead MoreHybrid Electric Vehicles ( Phevs )3014 Words   |  13 Pages such as reduction in power quality and efficiency, increase in power losses and voltage variations, as well as an adverse impact on the customers’ energy price. This paper proposed approach evaluates the effect of integrating a large number of PHEV on power system operation as well as appropriate operation of PHEVs can improve the voltage profile in the network by eliminating the voltage drops in highly-loaded buses with discharging reactive power. Furthermore, the optimal placements for char gingRead MorePhotovoltaic Based Stabilising The Load Distribution Feeders Using Lpc1159 Words   |  5 PagesMail.id:nareshsce@gmail.com ABSTRACT: Balancing load of distribution feeders is significant for falling of power loss and mitigating power flow. As the loop power controller is implanting for the active power and reactive power flows by change in voltage ratio and phase shift. So that the balancing of the load distribution feeders can be achieved. However it can include photovoltaic power producing in feeder balancing load, as a Taipower distribution feeder consisting of two feeders with large amountRead MoreSynopsis : Fig 1795 Words   |  8 Pagesstator lead reactive power, increases the real and imaginary part of rotor voltage which supplied by the rotor converter. Increasing DFIG stator lag reactive power, decreases the real part of rotor voltage in all speed range, increases the imaginary part of rotor voltage in sub-sunchronous speed range and decreases the imaginary part of rotor voltage in super-sunchronous speed range. Figs. 8(a-c) show the generated stator, rotor and total active powers respectively. Total active power is identicalRead MoreAn Interconnection Of Distributed Generations ( Dgs )1267 Words   |  6 Pagesproviding both power and heat. To ensure that the microgrid is operated as a single aggregated system and meets power quality, reliability and security standards, power electronic interfaces and controls need to be applied [1-2]. A microgrid should be capable work in two modes, grid-connected or islanded. The DGs are usually power electronics interfaced and in the grid-connected mode of operation, a microgrid is supported by the main grid’s voltage and frequency. In the island mode, the DG control is responsibleRead MoreLocation Of Statcom For Power Flow Control2401 Words   |  10 PagesLocation of STATCOM for Power Flow Control Dr..Neelakantappa, Narasapur, Hyderabad.,India Dr.AmjanShaik Narasapur, Hyderabad.,India ABSTRACT: Power flow control in a long transmission line plays a vital role in electrical power system. This paper uses the shunt connected STATCOM for the control of voltage and power flow. The proposed device is used in different locations such as sending end, middle and receiving end of the transmission line. The PWM control is used to generate the firing pulsesRead MoreLaonaon Modified Spider Monkey Algorithm821 Words   |  4 PagesOptimization Algorithm for Solving Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Problem† expressed that to reduce the real power loss, modifications were required in local and global leader phase and a Modified Spider Monkey Algorithm (MMO) was introduced. Paper also upheld that MMO is more favorable for dealing with non-linear constraints. The algorithm was examined on the IEEE 30-bus system to minimize the active power loss. H. Sharma, et al. [45] in 2016, discussed in â€Å"Optimal placement and sizing of the capacitorRead MoreOptimal Power Flow Using Differential Evolution Algorithm Essay2776 Words   |  12 PagesOptimal Power Flow Using Differential Evolution Algorithm S.Vidya Sagar Reddy Dr.P.Venkata Prasad, Professor Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Chaitanya Bharathi Institute Of Technology(Autonomous) Chaitanya Bharathi Institute Of Technology(Autonomous) Hyderabad, India Hyderabad, India vidyasagar.sabbella@gmail.com pvp_reddy@yahoo.co.uk Abstract— This paper presents an efficient and reliable evolutionary based approach to solveRead MorePhotovoltaic ( Pv ) Based Distributed Generators Essay2088 Words   |  9 Pagesgenerators (DGs) are generally controlled as current source to deliver only active power generated by PV source to the grid. However, reactive power transfer capability of such DGs must be utilized to satisfy reactive power demand of the load or to provide reactive power support to the grid. Reactive power management for several such PV based DGs operating in parallel is a challenging task as the available reactive power capacity of each depends on the environmental conditions and may vary continuously

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Use Of The Armed Forces Is Determined By National...

The use of the armed forces is determined by national military strategy. An important role in the implementation of the national military strategy in U.S. played airpower. The versatility, speed, range, high maneuverability, and advanced technology are the distinctive proprieties of operational and strategic airpower. Over the past 70 years, the entire notion about airpower has met a massive change in modern warfare. Airpower has evolved into a fighting force with the same rights as other branches of military power. Even more, the airpower demonstrate during the regional wars since the beginning 1960 that it became an essential element in planning and conducting a military operation in order to achieve political objective with minimum loss of human life, and with maximum effectiveness. Since the beginning of the 1960s, the effectiveness of airpower in military operations became unquestionable because of its ability to deliver reconnaissance data that is essential for preparation of b attlefield, using high technological munitions that increased accuracy and firepower, and its airlift capability for rapid project of military power and maintaining the combat readiness in any corner of the globe. One of distinction of airpower mission in which it shows high effectiveness is to prepare the battlefield for future operations that could consist in further action of ground and navy forces in order to obtain the proposed outcome. One of the main requirements for preparing theShow MoreRelatedDigital Media And Its Effects On Today s Age Essay1629 Words   |  7 Pagesand convenient as it allows us to reach out to millions of people in a matter of seconds. Large multi-million dollar corporations use digital media to reach out to an individual on the subways of New York City or someone who is on a fishing trip in the deep woods of North Carolina. In recent years, the United States Military has undertaken corporate digital media strategies in order to both project an image and recruit potential applicants. Just a few years ago local recruiters would sit at their officesRead MoreEssay about The United States and Irregular Warfare Challenges1131 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States milita ry in the coming years. The 2014 Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR) and other national strategy documents vaguely outline the path that the US military will take in response to these two stressors. With over a decade of counterinsurgency (COIN) and irregular warfare, the leaders of the US military strategic leadership must decide to what level these conflicts shape the preparation for future wars. In order to protect US national strategic objectives, the US military must prepareRead MoreSecurity Sector Reform in Afghanistan841 Words   |  3 Pagesof internal warfare. The armed forces and police embrace a new mission of meeting the human security needs of their population. SSR targets all state institutions and ensures the security of the state and its people. Security Sector Reform is optional as well as a â€Å"normative concept.† Afghanistan is working on SSR and it is an ongoing struggle for the countries. The goal of SSR in the countries is to organize a way to achieve peace so that the people may not fear the armed soldiers and establish democraticRead MoreThe United States Code ( U.s. )1677 Words   |  7 Pagesand governs the form, function, duties, and responsibilities of the US Government†. The foundational to US National Security and foreign relations are based on the three titles in the U.S.C, namely, Title 10, Title 22, and Title 50; which â€Å"govern US Armed Forces, the Department of State, public diplomacy efforts, and national defense† (American Security Project, 2012). However, the National Security Act of 1947 was the first U.S. law on the conduct of intelligence operations. The act establishedRead MoreWar Is An Inevitable Feature Of International Politics1560 Words   |  7 Pagesfascist aggression to the European peace. War has been inevitable over centuries, which has been fought for several reasons; competing ideologies, wealth, religious reasons, chase for power through its military actions, which exercises th e real power of the state. Power arises from ‘great military powers’ and ‘great economic powers’. Indeed, the greatest powers obtained permanent seats on the Security Council of the United Nations. Can such security organisations including, non-governmental organizationsRead MoreWar Is A Human Endeavor1489 Words   |  6 Pageswork On War, â€Å"When whole communities go to war†¦the reason lies in some political situation, and the occasion is always due to some political object. War, therefore, is an act of politics.† War in itself as defined by Oxford dictionary is a state of armed conflict between different nations or states or different groups within a nation or state. Furthermore, politics is defined by Oxford as the activities associated with the governance of a country or area, especially the debate between parties havingRead MoreThe Day That The 9 / 11 Attacks Happened1631 Words   |  7 Pagesrevolution in the 1960’s in Lat in America. The main point of this strategy is to have people join the fight and gain territory. Their strategy was to go into these remote villages, in either home or foreign soil, and adopt their culture, learn the language and become friendly with the people. Then they would recruit people for their revolution and if people didn’t agree, they would inflict violence. This violence was determined by Che as â€Å"armed propaganda.† This would inflict fear into the people and wouldRead MoreTechnology And Information Warfare During World War II1034 Words   |  5 PagesWarfare Will Be Determined By Electronic Means In A Few Decades, Either On The Ground Or In Cyber Space. Since the end of World War II, the instruments of war have been completely upgraded during the war; from motorization to mechanization. The powerful attack capability of mechanized troops was fully demonstrated during World War II. Thus, the degree of mechanization in the army became an important indicator to measure a country s defense capabilities. This standard has become a popular standardRead MoreAnalysis Of Carl Von Clausewitz s The Domino Theory 785 Words   |  4 PagesStated strategy was to have a strong military. President Truman stated, â€Å"America had to assume the role of world leader if freedom was to be protected and communism contained.† The United States adopted this concept because of the fear of Russia’s communist threat (Cold War). George M. Elsey articulately explains: When North Korean troops invaded the South, the Truman administration seized upon the opportunity to defend a noncommunist government from invasion by communist troops. Determined not toRead MoreEssay about Biography of George Washington1369 Words   |  6 Pagessymbol of a new republic and its principles. George Washington is the Founding Father of our nation. The American Revolution was a result of a series of social, political changes, within American society. Washington played an important political and military position in the American Revolution. The Revolution took place between 1765 and 1783. The existing Thirteen American Colonies broke free from the ruling British Empire and made an independent country. This country would be now forever known as the

Cassava Starch free essay sample

Cassava (Manihot esculenta), also called manioc, tapioca or yuca, is one of the most important food crops in the humid tropics, being particularly suited to conditions of low nutrient availability and able to survive drought (Burrell, 2003). The plant grows to a height of 1 to 3 m and several roots may be found on each plant. Although cassava leaves are sometimes consumed, the major harvested organ is the tuber, which is actually a swollen root. The plant is propagated mostly from stem cuttings. A major limitation of cassava production is the rapid post harvest deterioration of its roots which usually prevents their storage in the fresh state for more than a few days (Okezie and Kosikowski, 1982). Cassava ranks very high among crops that convert the greatest amount of solar energy into soluble carbohydrates per unit of area. Among the starchy staples, cassava gives a carbohydrate production which is about 40% higher than rice and 25% more than maize, with the result that cassava is the cheapest source of calories for both human nutrition and animal feeding. A typical composition of the cassava root is moisture (70%), starch (24%), fiber (2%), protein (1%) and other substances including minerals (3%) Compared to other crops, cassava excels under suboptimal conditions, offering the possibility of using marginal land to increase total agricultural production (Cock, 1982). Plant breeders, agronomists and recently molecular biologists have made substantial improvements in cassava yields during the last two decades. While, genetic characterization and mapping has revealed some insights into the molecular nature of cassava (Tonukari et al. 1997; Fregene et al. 003) Plastics are synthetic substances produced by chemical reactions. Almost all plastics are made from petroleum, except a few experimental resins derived from corn and other organic substances. Plastic has many properties which has made it a raw material of choice for Manufactures of plastic Bags and packing materials. Cost of production, lightweight, strength, easy process of manufac ture, and availability are few of the properties. Man has simply not put the plastic to the right use/ or using it without taking proper care of other related norms of usage. The hazards plastics pose are numerous. The land gets littered by plastic bag garbage presenting an ugly and unhygienic seen. The Throw away culture results in these bags finding their way in to the city drainage system, the resulting blockage cases inconvenience, difficult in maintaining the drainage with increased cost, creates unhygienic environment resulting in health hazard and spreading of water borne diseases. This littering also reduces rate of rain water percolating, resulting in lowering of already low water levels in our cities. The soil fertility deteriorates as the plastic bags form parts of manure remain in the soil for years. People need alternative and effective components of plastic that is safe and biodegradable which will not harm and pollute the earth. Significance: This study is important to be able to help Mother Earth in reducing its pollutants and toxic or harmful wastes. Through this study, the researchers will be able to help other people, the animals and the environment. The researchers would like to stop plastic pollution and be part of the solution. Plastic bags and bottles, like all forms of plastic, create significant environmental and economic burdens. They consume growing amounts of energy and other natural resources, degrading the environment in numerous ways. In addition to using up fossil fuels and other resources, plastic products create litter, hurt marine life, and threaten the basis of life on earth. There is over 45 million tons of plastics per year and nearly every piece of plastic ever made still exists today because of its long-life properties. Biodegradable plastics could be an effective solution to all of these problems. Biodegradable plastics are a much better choice than non biodegradable plastics because they are friendlier to the earth and the environment. Biodegradable plastics break down faster, can be recycled easier and are non-toxic. With these characteristics of biodegradable plastics, we could help save lives and the environment as well and reduce the threat plastics give to marine life. Plastic, the wonder material that we use for everything, is perhaps the most harmful of this trash because it does not readily break down in nature but if it is biodegradable, these plastics break down faster so they have a much shorter effect on the earth, and they will degrade completely. Normal plastics are manufactured using oil, and this process is very harmful to the environment by polluting the air and environment, but this is not the case with green biodegradable plastics. Using biodegradable plastics will minimize the effects that these products have on the earth, and help eliminate their waste much faster. Review of Related Literature: In the past few decades, there has been a marked advance in the development of biodegradable plastics from renewable resources, especially for those derived from starch-based materials. The goal of this development is to obtain biodegradable plastics that perform as well as traditional plastics when in use and which completely biodegrade at disposal. Several starch-based plastics have been introduced into the market, and are used in some applications now. Starch foam is one of the major starch-based packaging materials. It is produced by extrusion or compression/explosion technology. This product has been developed as a replacement for polystyrene which is used to produce loose-fillers and other expanded items. Another type of starch-based plastics is produced by blending or mixing starch with synthetic polyester. For this type of biodegradable plastics, granular starch can be directly blended with polymer, or its granular structure can be destructurized before being incorporated into the polymer matrix. The type of starch and synthetic polymer as well as their relative proportions in the blends influence the properties of the resulting plastics. The last group of starch-based plastics is polyesters that are produced from starch. The major starch-derived polyesters in the market now are polylactic acid and polyhydroxyalkanoate. Experimental studies have demonstrated that cassava starch could be used for making various types of packaging products. As a major source of starch in tropical and subtropical regions, cassava is a promising raw material for the development of biodegradable plastics in these areas. Research has been done on HYPERLINK http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Biodegradable \t _blank \o Biodegradablebiodegradable plastics that break down with exposure to sunlight (e. g. , HYPERLINK http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Ultra-violet_radiation \t _blank \o Ultra-violet radiationultra-violet radiation), water or dampness, bacteria, enzymes, wind abrasion and some instances rodent pest or insect attack are also included as forms of HYPERLINK http://en. ikipedia. org/wiki/Biodegradation \t _blank \o Biodegradationbiodegradation or HYPERLINK http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Environmental_degradation \t _blank \o Environmental degradationenvironmental degradation. It is clear some of these modes of degradation will only work if the plastic is exposed at the surface, while other modes will only be effective if certain conditions e xist in landfill or composting systems. HYPERLINK http://en. wikipedia. rg/wiki/Starch \t _blank \o StarchStarch powder has been mixed with plastic as a filler to allow it to degrade more easily, but it still does not lead to complete breakdown of the plastic. Some researchers have actually HYPERLINK http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Genetic_engineering \t _blank \o Genetic engineeringgenetically engineered bacteria that synthesize a completely biodegradable plastic, but this material, such as HYPERLINK http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Biopol \t _blank \o BiopolBiopol, is expensive at present. The diversity and ubiquity of plastic products substantially testify to the versatility of the special class of engineering materials known as polymers. However, the non-biodegradability of these petrochemical-based materials has been a source of environmental concerns and hence, the driving force in the search for ‘green’ alternatives for which starch remains the frontliner. Starch is a natural biopolymer consisting predominantly of two polymer types of glucose namely amylose and amylopectin. The advantages of starch for plastic production include its renewability, good oxygen barrier in the dry state, abundance, low cost and biodegradability. The longstanding quest of developing starch-based biodegradable plastics has witnessed the use of different starches in many forms such as native granular starch, modified starch, plasticized starch and in blends with many synthetic polymers, both biodegradable and non-biodegradable, for the purpose of achieving cost effectiveness and biodegradation respectively. In this regard, starch has been used as fillers in starch-filled polymer blends, thermoplastic starch (TPS) (produced from the combination of starch, plasticizer and thermomechanical energy), in the production of foamed starch and biodegradable synthetic polymer like polylactic acid (PLA) with varying results. However, most starch-based composites exhibit poor material properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, stiffness and elongation at break, and also poor moisture stability. This therefore warranted scientific inquiries towards improving the properties of these promising starch-based biocomposites through starch modification, use of compatibilizers and reinforcements (both organic and inorganic), processing conditions, all in the hope of realizing renewable biodegradable substitutes for the conventional plastics. Definition of Terms Biodegradable able to decompose naturally: made of substances that will decay relatively quickly as a result of the action of bacteria and break down into elements such as carbon that are recycled naturally Starch – a white, granular or powdery, odorless, tasteless and complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds, fruits, tubers, roots and stem pith of plants, notably in corn, potatoes, wheat, and rice; an important foodstuff and used otherwise especially in adhesives and as fillers and stiffeners for paper and textiles. Plastics – the word plastic is derived from the words plasticus (Latin for â€Å"capable of molding†) and plastikos (Greek â€Å"to mold,† or â€Å"fit for molding†). Plastics are polymeric, moldable and synthetic materials which are derived from fossil fuels, such as oil, coal or natural gas. Plastics consist of organic (carbon-containing) long molecular chains that give them many of their unique properties. They can be made hard, flexible, strong, transparent, light and elastic. * Polymer – long-chain molecules that repeat their structures over and over * Polyethylene Bags the bags that you will see commonly used, such as plastic grocery bags, are made from petroleum byproducts, which is the root of most all of the environmental problems that they are the source of. Not only do they take substantially longer to break down or degrade, but as they do they release highly toxic chemicals. Resin – It is a hydrocarbon secretion of many HYPERLINK http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Plant \o Plantplants, particularly coniferous trees. It is valued for its chemical constituents and uses, such as varnishes and HYPERLINK http://en. wikipedia. rg/wiki/Adhesive \o Adhesiveadhesives, as an important source of raw materials for organic synthesis, or for incense and perfume. * Polymer Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide (MEKP) The most popular type of hardener because of its economy and ease of use. * Polyester Resin Polyester resins are the most commonly used matrix in the marine and composite industry. These resins are styrene-based, flammable and ca talyzed when combined with Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide(MEKP). Polyester resins are unsaturated resins formed by the reaction of dibasic organic acids and polyhydric alcohols. Premix Polyester Resin R10-60 – It is a fast gel premix polyester resin used for wood, kapiz, and other lamination with cellophane, â€Å"Lumirror† or â€Å"Mylar† films. It is also used to make decorative jewels and flowers from ceramic molds, to make small coatings from polyethylene amp; silicone rubber molds, and to cast on intrinsic molds such as steel or bass frames. * Plastic Resin Glue – Plastic resins are made by heating hydrocarbons in what is known as the cracking process. The goal here is to break down the larger molecules into ethylene, propylene, and other types of hydrocarbons. The amount of ethylene produced depends on the cracking temperature. Once the cracking process has been completed, the compounds are formed into chains that are known as polymers. Different polymers are combined to make plastic resins that have the characteristics needed for different applications Methodology: A. Materials 2 Cassava Tubers 180 ml of Premix Polyester Resin 300 ml of Polymer MEKP Hardener 100 grams Petroleum Jelly 3 old shirts Measuring cup Grater Plastic Spoon Knife 3 Plastic Containers Chopping board B. Procedure Gather the Cassava Tubers. Ground and squeeze it to extract the starch. Get hold of 240 grams of the starch and divide it into 3 equal parts: 80 grams in trial 1, trial 2 and trial 3. Place 60 ml of the plastic resin glue (Premix Polyester Resin) with 50 grams of flour catalyst for T1, 75 grams for T2 and 125 grams in T3. Mix and stir the components and pour it in the shirt with Petroleum Jelly and let it dry under the sun. To test its capacity to carry weight, use the plastic to carry objects. For its ability to hold water, put water inside the plastic. To test its tensile and bending properties, stretch the plastic as far as you can. Repeat steps 5-7 using T2 and T3.